Organization of Operation Theatre New

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Organization of Operation Theatre

1. With recent technological development in medical science and increase public demand the modern surgical practices becoming more complex and expensive affairs.
2. About 50% of all hospital are allocated to surgical departments.
3. Surgical facilities , therefore represents a central life saving activity.
4. Therefore its success or failure highly influence the hospital reputation.
5. This has led to a detailed scientific planning of the operation theater complex.

Objectives of Organization
1. To promote highest standard of asepsis.
2. To ensure maximum safety for patients and staff room from installation hazards.
3. Optimum utilization of OT and staff time.
4. Smooth and effective functioning of OT.
5. Good working environment for doctor and staff.
6. Allow flexibility by use of multiple operation suits

Location
The surgical suite should be centrally located so that it is easily and quickly reached from all areas of the hospital, thus enabling personnel to transfer patients with the least possible delay. The suite should be situated near such support activities as X-ray, laboratory, centralized materiel service (CMS), pharmacy, and the recovery room (see figure 1-3). In addition, the suite should be located in a cul-de-sac (passage with only one outlet), or at least away from those areas of the hospital through which most of the traffic flows and should be sufficiently isolated to prevent annoyance, anxiety, and disturbance to other patients. Elevators should be easily reached for transportation of patients or supplies.
Arrangement
Basic principles for efficient workflow are adhered to when planning the arrangement of rooms within a surgical suite. For example, traffic must move smoothly and without interruption into, through, and out of the suite. Those rooms where support activities are performed are grouped conveniently and systematically about the ORs, which are arranged in pairs with scrub rooms.

and sterilizing facilities between them. Proper arrangement of the rooms reduces the flow of excess traffic, saves much unnecessary walking, and therefore conserves time and effort.
Size of the Suite
Numerous factors are considered when estimating the size of the surgical suite required for a hospital.
1. The first of these is the operative load or the number of surgical cases to be done per day. Some hospitals have more patients requiring medical care than surgical care. In such a hospital, only a small operative section would be necessary. Several operative procedures can be done per day in each OR, one case following another, but all should be completed by the end of the usual day shift or shortly thereafter.
2. The second factor, the types of surgery to be done, is even more specific. Some procedures such as cardiac surgery are very long and detailed, requiring many hours of operative time; others, such as tonsillectomy, can be accomplished in just 20 to 30 minutes. In the first instance, a single OR would be engaged for the whole operative day with just one case; in the second example, eight or ten such procedures could be done in the same length of time.
3. The number and frequency of emergency cases are also considerations related to the necessary size of the suite. The larger the troop area near a hospital, the greater the number of accident and emergency cases that may have to be done. These must be done immediately, meaning that other scheduled cases may have to wait until after normal duty hours, unless provision has been made for an additional room.
Size of Individual Operating Room
In addition to plans for the number of ORs required, the size of each room must also be considered. Certain types of surgery require the use of much bulky equipment. This is especially true of open-heart surgery, during which large machines are required to pump and oxygenate the blood outside of the body and to monitor the functioning of the heart. Factors such as this must be planned for and sufficient floor space provided so that breaks in aseptic technique due to overcrowding will be avoided. On the other hand, rooms should be no larger than necessary, thus

reducing the amount of unnecessary times spent walking. The Army criteria for square footage per room are sufficiently flexible to provide for the needs of its hospitals.